As per dpkg -L tmux
which shows you what files the package installed,
you can use
fakeroot to run a command in an environment wherein it appears to have root privileges for file manipulation. This is useful for allowing users to create archives (tar, ar, .deb etc.) with files in them with root permissions/ownership.
sudo apt-get install SOFTWARE_NAME
sudo apt-get remove SOFTWARE_NAME
To set environment variables
$ sudo vim /etc/environment $ source !$ | $ sudo vim /etc/environment $ source /etc/environment # in every shell where you want the variables to be updated |
To set for a specific user: $ vim ~/.bash_profile # append the following at the end. JAVA_HOME=/home/morteza/zproject/packages/jdk1.7.0_21 export JAVA_HOME
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin export PATH
| |
/etc/environment => /etc/profile => ~/.bash_profile (login) => ~/.bashrc (non-login)
login or non-login shell
.bash_profile is executed for login shells, while .bashrc is executed for interactive non-login shells. When you login (type username and password) via console, either sitting at the machine, or remotely via ssh: .bash_profile
is executed to configure your shell before the initial command prompt.
But, if you’ve already logged into your machine and open a new terminal window (xterm) inside Gnome or KDE, then .bashrc
is executed before the window command prompt. .bashrc
is also run when you start a new bash instance by typing /bin/bash
in a terminal.
intro link Next intro link/etc/environment file
The first file that the operating system uses at login time is
the /etc/environment file. The /etc/environment file
contains variables specifying the basic environment for all processes.
When a new process begins, the exec subroutine
makes an array of strings available that have the form Name=Value.
This array of strings is called the environment. Each name defined
by one of the strings is called an environment variable or shell
variable. The exec subroutine allows the entire
environment to be set at one time.
When you log in, the system sets environment variables from the /etc/environment file
before reading your login profile, named .profile. The
following variables make up the basic environment:
/etc/profile file
The second file that the operating system uses at login time is
the /etc/profile file.
- shell invocation normally
reads
/etc/profile
and its private
equivalent ~/.bash_profile
upon
startup.
The /etc/profile file controls system-wide default
variables, such as: $ source /etc/profile
- Export variables
- File creation mask (umask)
- Terminal types
- Mail messages to indicate when new mail has arrived
#Set file creation mask
unmask 022
#Tell me when new mail arrives
MAIL=/usr/mail/$LOGNAME
#Add my /bin directory to the shell search sequence
PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/etc::
#Set terminal type
TERM=lft
#Make some environment variables global
export MAIL PATH TERM
Install an Archive File (Tarbal)
Extract the filebased on the extension (untar)
$ tar zxf file.tar.gz -C other_directory
$ tar zxf file.tgz
$ tar jxf file.tar.bz2
$ tar jxf file.tbz2
Then
$ cd path-to-software/
Then
$ ./configure
$ make
Note:
depending on the content of the make file or the documentation you
might need to check if the make has been performed completely. this can
be done by calling make test (as in XML-NamespaceSupport) or make check
(as in kchmViewer)
$ make install
install:
>./file.bin
or >sudo ./file.bin
or >chmode +x file.bin
and >./file.bin
You could find a default java available (open jdk) at /usr/lib/jvm/
-------install java_ee_sdk-5_07-jdk-6u16-linux.bin :
chmode +x file.bin
sudo ./file.bin -->halted
-->new terminal
./file.bin
-------
Environment Variables
printenv
command prints the names and values of all currently defined environment variables:
$PATH initial value /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games
/etc/environment --> this file contains system variables -- to apply changes without restart $source /etc/environment
For java
PATH="/home/morteza/SDK/jdk/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games"
JAVA_HOME="/home/morteza/SDK/jdk"
-------adjust JAVA_HOME and PATH (local, instance and session dependent)
export JAVA_HOME=/home/morteza/SDK/jdk
PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH;export PATH
-------
For tomcat
CATALINA_HOME="/home/morteza/apache-tomcat-6.0.18"
$CATALINA_HOME/webapps/ROOT/index.html
-------install netbeans-6.7.1-ml-linux.sh
./netbeans-6.7.1-ml-linux.sh
-------
Apache Tomcat
apache-tomcat-6.0.18/webapps/docs/appdev/deployment.html
be sure to check licenses for redistribution rights for any third party libraries you utilize),
$CATALINA_HOME/conf/tomcat-users.xml --> <user name="morteza" password="pass" roles="standard,manager" />
javac -classpath ./javax.servlet_2.5.0.v200806031605.jar Hello.java --> compile a servlet
MySQL
$ sudo apt-get install mysql-server
check if it is running $ sudo netstat -tap | grep mysql
sudo apt-get install mysql-query-browser
Install rpm
We need alien to install rpm in ubuntu:
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install alien
$ alien -k package_file.rpm //this makes the .deb file
$ sudo dpkg -i package_file.deb
To list files and directories created by a package
$ dpkg-query --listfiles packagename